Vaginismus is a condition characterized by involuntary spasms or contractions of the muscles around the vaginal opening, which can make it difficult or impossible to engage in vaginal penetration. This can be a source of significant distress and can interfere with sexual activity and intimacy. The spasms are caused by the body's natural defense mechanism, which involuntarily tightens the pelvic floor muscles in response to perceived or anticipated pain or discomfort.
Vaginismus can be classified as primary, meaning it has always been present, or secondary, meaning it develops after a period of normal sexual function. It can also be classified as global, meaning it affects all forms of vaginal penetration, or situational, meaning it is specific to certain situations or partners.
The exact causes of vaginismus are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to anxiety, fear, or trauma related to vaginal penetration. It can also be associated with medical conditions such as infections, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
Treatment for vaginismus may include physical therapy, counseling, relaxation techniques, and the use of vaginal dilators to gradually stretch the vaginal muscles. It's important to seek medical help if you're experiencing symptoms of vaginismus, as it can significantly affect your quality of life and sexual health.